Cushing's Disease (Hyperadrenocorticism) in Miniature Schnauzers
Endocrine condition — Miniature Schnauzer — Small breed
High Risk
What is Cushing's Disease (Hyperadrenocorticism)?
Cushing's disease occurs when the adrenal glands produce excessive cortisol, usually due to a pituitary gland tumor (PDH — 80–85% of cases) or an adrenal tumor (AT — 15–20%). It is predominantly a disease of middle-aged to older dogs. Certain breeds have significantly elevated prevalence.
Symptoms of Cushing's Disease (Hyperadrenocorticism)
- Pot-bellied appearance from muscle wasting and fat redistribution
- Increased thirst and urination
- Increased appetite
- Thinning and fragile skin
- Hair loss (bilaterally symmetrical)
- Panting and lethargy
- Recurrent skin infections
- Slow wound healing
How Is Cushing's Disease (Hyperadrenocorticism) Diagnosed?
Multiple blood and urine tests are used: urine cortisol:creatinine ratio (screening), low-dose dexamethasone suppression test (LDDST), and ACTH stimulation test. Ultrasound helps determine whether the source is pituitary or adrenal. Diagnosis can be challenging as no single test is perfectly accurate.
Treatment & Cost
Pituitary-dependent disease is treated with trilostane or mitotane, both of which reduce adrenal hormone production. Adrenal tumors may require surgery. Treatment is lifelong and requires regular ACTH stimulation monitoring every 3–6 months. Costs are ongoing.
Most pet insurance plans cover cushing's disease (hyperadrenocorticism) treatment in full when the policy is active before diagnosis. Compare plans below.