Degenerative Myelopathy (DM) in Border Collies
Neurological condition — Border Collie — Medium breed
Moderate Risk
What is Degenerative Myelopathy (DM)?
Degenerative myelopathy is a progressive, incurable spinal cord disease that causes hind limb weakness and paralysis. It is the canine equivalent of ALS. It typically affects dogs over 7 years of age. A mutation in the SOD1 gene is associated with DM in many breeds. The disease is painless, and most dogs maintain good quality of life for 1–3 years after diagnosis.
Symptoms of Degenerative Myelopathy (DM)
- Progressive hind limb weakness beginning in one leg
- Dragging or scuffing of the hind feet
- Crossing of the hind legs while walking
- Difficulty rising from a lying position
- Loss of coordination (ataxia) in the hindquarters
- Eventual complete hind limb paralysis
- Loss of bladder and bowel control in later stages
How Is Degenerative Myelopathy (DM) Diagnosed?
DM is a diagnosis of exclusion — other causes of progressive hind limb weakness (IVDD, spinal tumors, hip dysplasia) must be ruled out by MRI and CSF analysis. DNA testing identifies dogs homozygous for the SOD1 mutation (at-risk genotype) but does not confirm clinical disease.
Treatment & Cost
There is no treatment that halts or reverses DM. Management focuses on quality of life: physiotherapy, hydrotherapy, rear-wheel carts for mobility, regular expression of the bladder. Exercise slows progression. Most affected dogs are euthanized when quality of life declines significantly.
Most pet insurance plans cover degenerative myelopathy (dm) treatment in full when the policy is active before diagnosis. Compare plans below.